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The information in this profile may be out-of-date. It was last revised in 1996. EXTOXNET no longer updates this information, but it may be useful as a reference or resource.

Please visit the National Pesticide Information Center (NPIC) to find updated pesticide fact sheets. If you don't find a fact sheet related to your question, feel free to call 1-800-858-7378. NPIC is open five days a week from 8:00am to 12:00pm Pacific Time.

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E X T O X N E T

Extension Toxicology Network

Pesticide Information Profiles

A Pesticide Information Project of Cooperative Extension Offices of Cornell University, Oregon State University, the University of Idaho, and the University of California at Davis and the Institute for Environmental Toxicology, Michigan State University. Major support and funding was provided by the USDA/Extension Service/National Agricultural Pesticide Impact Assessment Program.

EXTOXNET primary files maintained and archived at Oregon State University

Revised June 1996

Vinclozolin

Trade and Other Names: Trade names for commercial products containing vinclozolin include BAS 352F, Drive, Ornalin, Ronilan, and Vorlan. Vinclozolin may also be used in formulations with other fungicides such as thiram, carbendazim, chlorothalonil, maneb, and thiophanate-methyl.

Regulatory Status: Vinclozolin is a General Use Pesticide (GUP). It is toxicity class III - slightly toxic. Products containing it carry the Signal Word CAUTION on its label.

Chemical Class: dicarboximide

Introduction: Vinclozolin is a dicarboximide nonsystemic fungicide that is used for the control of several types of fungi in vines (such as grapes), strawberries, vegetables, fruit, and ornamentals [1]. It may also be used on turf grass. This fungicide works by inhibiting spore germination. It is available in dust, wettable powder, smoke tablet, and water dispersible flowable granular forms.

Formulation: It is available in dust, wettable powder, smoke tablet, and water dispersible flowable granular forms.

Toxicological Effects:

• Acute toxicity: Vinclozolin is practically nontoxic in experimental animals. The acute oral LD50 for vinclozolin is greater than 10,000 mg/kg in rats and around 8000 mg/kg in guinea pigs [8]. The compound is a moderate skin irritant and will slightly irritate the membranes in the nose and throat [1]. The reported dermal LD50 value is 72,000 mg/kg. The 4-hour inhalation LC50 of a 50% concentration of vinclozolin is greater than 29 mg/L of air in rats, indicating a rather low toxicity by this route of exposure. Vinclozolin is a moderate eye irritant [1,8].
• Chronic toxicity: Vinclozolin was fed to dogs at relatively low levels (up to 50 mg/kg/day) for 6 months. Increases in the weight of the adrenal gland occurred in the dogs at the middle doses (7.5 mg/kg/day) for both sexes and males had enlarged prostates. Slightly higher doses in females caused changes in the structure of the adrenal gland. Another study with dogs fed small amounts of vinclozolin showed chronic effects (unspecified) at levels of 2.5 mg/kg and above [50]. Dogs are the most sensitive species of animal tested so far [13]. A 2-year feeding study with rats showed reductions in body weight and changes in the blood chemistry at low doses (about 25 mg/kg/day) [13]. Male dogs experienced changes in absolute weight and fat content of the kidney at relatively low doses administered for 6 months. At slightly higher doses (15 mg/kg) for the same length of time (6 months), fat droplets appeared in the tubes within the kidney [13]. A single moderate dose (about 285 mg/kg) administered by injection to male mice resulted in only minor changes in their kidneys [51].
• Reproductive effects: A study which followed female rats through three successive litters showed no effects on the reproduction of those litters at doses of 72.9 mg/kg/day [13]. These data suggest that vincloazlin does not cause reproductive effects.
• Teratogenic effects: In one study on mice, no birth defects were noted in the offspring of pregnant females given large doses of vinclozolin (900 mg/kg/day) [13]. However, the fungicide was toxic to the fetuses. In a similar study on rats, no teratogenic effects were observed at the same dose level [13]. In another study, rabbits were fed moderate amounts (up to 300 mg/kg/day) of the fungicide for an undisclosed amount of time. No effects were noted in the animals at the highest doses tested [8,13]. It appears that vinclozolin is not teratogenic.
• Mutagenic effects: A number of tests on the mutagenicity of vinclozolin have been negative. One of the mutation tests was run at very high doses (2000 mg/kg/day) [50]. Based on the information available, it is unlikely that vinclozolin is mutagenic.
• Carcinogenic effects: A 2-year study on rats showed no carcinogenic effects at the highest dose tested (219 mg/kg) [50]. Another study conducted over a wide range of doses, produced some evidence of liver tumors at 219 mg/kg/day over 2 years. These data suggest that this compound is unlikely to have carcinogenic effects in humans.
• Organ toxicity: Tests on dogs have shown effects on the adrenal and prostate glands.

• Fate in humans and animals: Rats which had been given a single dose of vinclozolin (level not indicated) eliminated equal portions of the breakdown products in urine and feces [8].

Ecological Effects:

• Effects on birds: In the one bird species tested, the bobwhite quail, the LD50 of vinclozolin was 2510 mg/kg [8]. This value indicates that the compound is practically nontoxic to this species.
• Effects on aquatic organisms: Vinclozolin is only moderately toxic to freshwater fish. The LC50 (96-hour) for the compound is 130 mg/L in guppies [1], and 52.2 mg/L in trout [1].
• Effects on other organisms: Vinclozolin is nontoxic to honey bees and to earthworms [1].

Environmental Fate:

• Breakdown in soil and groundwater: Vinclozolin is of low to moderate persistence in soil. It is only partially broken down by soil microorganisms [1]. Estimated half-lives of 3 days to greater than 3 weeks have been reported [52]. Field data indicate that vinclozolin will be strongly sorbed to most soils with a significant proportion of organic matter, and it is unlikely to leach significantly [52,53].
• Breakdown in water: Photolysis and hydrolysis may occur, and are pH dependent, with greater photolysis and hydrolysis under neutral or slightly basic conditions [52].
• Breakdown in vegetation: In its discussion of tolerance setting for vinclozolin in grapes, the EPA stated that there is no reasonable expectation for vinclozolin residues to be found in eggs, milk, meat, or poultry from its use on table grapes [50].

Physical Properties:

• Appearance: Vinclozolin is a colorless crystal with a slight aromatic odor [1].
• Chemical Name: (RS)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-5-methyl-5-vinyl-1,3-oxazolidine-2,4-dione [1]
• CAS Number: 50471-44-8
• Molecular Weight: 286.11
• Water Solubility: 3.4 mg/L @ 20 C [1]
• Solubility in Other Solvents: v.s. in ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, cyclohexane, benzene, and xylene [1]
• Melting Point: 108 C [1]
• Vapor Pressure: 0.016 mPa @ 20 C [1]
• Log P: 3.00 [1]
• Partition Coefficient: 100 (estimated) [53]

Exposure Guidelines:

• ADI: 0.07 mg/kg/day [12]
• MCL: Not Available
• RfD: 0.025 mg/kg/day [13]
• PEL: Not Available
• HA: Not Available
• TLV: Not Available

Basic Manufacturer:

BASF Corporation

Agricultural Products Division

P.O. Box 13528

Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-3528

• Phone: 800-669-2273
• Emergency: 800-832-4357
  

References:

References for the information in this PIP can be found in Reference List Number 10

DISCLAIMER: The information in this profile does not in any way replace or supersede the information on the pesticide product labeling or other regulatory requirements. Please refer to the pesticide product labeling.